L'objection par Meneau 2015-06-06 01:48:47 |
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théologique de Bellarmin est basée sur ceci :
De plus, pour arrester, & contenir les esprits inquiets & entreprenans, Il ordonne, que dans les choses de la Foy, ou de la Morale mesme, en ce qui peut avoir relation au maintien de la doctrine Chrestienne, Personne, se confiant en son propre jugement, n'ait l'audace de tirer l'Ecriture Sainte à son sens particulier, ni de luy donner des interprétations, ou contraires à celles que luy donne & luy a donné la sainte Mere Eglise, à qui il appartient de juger du véritable sens & de la véritable interprétation des saintes Ecritures ; ou opposées au sentiment unanime des Peres, encore que ces interprétations ne deussent jamais estre mises en lumiere : Les contrevenans seront déclarez par les Ordinaires, & soumis aux peines portées par le Droit.
Concile de Trente, 4è sessionCardinal Bellarmino next raises a theological objection:
Second. I say that, as you know, the Council [of Trent] would prohibit expounding the Scriptures contrary to the common agreement [ il commune consenso] of the Holy Fathers; and if Your Reverence would read not only all their works but the commentaries of modern writers on Genesis, Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and Joshua, you would find that all agree in expounding literally [ad literam] that the sun is in the heavens and travels swiftly around the earth, while the earth is far from the heavens and remains motionless in the center of the world [sta nel centro del mondo, immobile]. Now consider, with your sense of prudence [con la sua prudenza], whether the Church could support [possa sopportare] giving Scripture a meaning contrary to the Holy Fathers and to all the Greek and Latin expositors. Nor may one reply that this is a not a matter of faith, because if it is not a matter of faith with regard to the subject matter [ex parte obiecti], it is with regard to the one who has spoken [ex parte dicentis]. Thus that man would be just as much a heretic who denied that Abraham had two sons and Jacob twelve, as one who denied the virgin birth of Christ, for both are declared by the Holy Ghost through the mouths of the prophets and apostles.
The Cardinal's reference to the decree of the fourth session (1546) of the Council of Trent is particularly important. In addition to making clear what books constituted the canon of Scripture, the Council decreed that with respect to "matters of faith and morals" no one is permitted to interpret the Bible contrary to "that sense which Holy Mother Church, to whom it belongs to judge their true sense and meaning, has held and does hold." Nor may one interpret Scripture contrary to the "unanimous agreement" of the Church Fathers. Bellarmino extends the sense of "faith and morals" to include historical and scientific claims found in the Bible, since to deny the truth of what the Bible says on any matter calls into question the affirmation that the entire Bible is God's revealed word.
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